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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE — April 15, 2008
Contacts:
Charlotte Vallaeys, The Cornucopia Institute: 978-369-6409
Mark Kastel, The Cornucopia Institute: 608-625-2042
Organic Infant Formula Ingredients Processed with Toxic Chemical
FDA Reports Indicate Infants Sickened from Algae/Fungal-Based Nutritional
Supplements
CORNUCOPIA, WI. -- The Cornucopia Institute filed a legal complaint with the US
Department of Agriculture (USDA) today, demanding that the agency enforce the
organic regulations prohibiting toxic solvents from being used in the production
of organic food. The Institute, a nonprofit food and farm policy research group,
found that baby formula and other food manufacturers are using hexane-extracted
omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (DHA/ARA) derived from algae and soil fungus.
Perhaps more startling, through a Freedom of Information request at the FDA,
Cornucopia found algal- and fungal-based DHA/ARA have been linked to serious
side effects such as virulent diarrhea and vomiting in infants consuming infant
formula, many of whom required medical treatment and hospitalization.
“The federal organic regulations very clearly prohibit these oils in organic
foods, so this is not a case of companies finding loopholes in the regulations.
What we’re seeing is the latest in a long string of USDA actions that blatantly
cater to industry interests at the expense of consumer safety,” said Mark Kastel,
Codirector of the Cornucopia Institute, based in Cornucopia, Wisconsin. “USDA
officials are simply allowing these companies to freely break the organic rules
in their pursuit of profit,” he adds.
Organic products with the prohibited fatty acid supplements include Horizon
Organic milk with DHA (Dean Foods) and organic infant formulas, including
Similac Organic (Abbott Laboratories), Earth’s Best (Hain Celestial), and Bright
Beginnings Organic (PBM Products).
Martek Biosciences Corporation produces these DHA and ARA supplements. They are
extracted from fermented algae and soil fungus with the use of a highly
explosive neurotoxic petrochemical solvent, hexane. The Occupational Safety and
Health Administration lists hexane as a serious hazard to worker health and
safety, and the Environmental Protection Agency classifies it as a hazardous air
pollutant. The National Organic Program strictly prohibits its use in the
processing of organic foods and ingredients.
“Only a change in the regulations would make these oils legal in organic foods,
and a regulation change requires citizen input,” said David Cox, a lawyer with
the Columbus, Ohio law firm of Lane, Alton, and Horst. “USDA officials do not
have the legal authority to decide on their own that they will not enforce the
regulations, no matter how much industry is lobbying or pressuring them.”
The addition of DHA and ARA to organic infant formula is especially troublesome
considering that Martek’s oils are linked to serious illness in some infants.
“Through a FOIA request, we discovered that scores of parents have notified the
FDA that their infants experienced symptoms such as serious cases of diarrhea,
vomiting, and extreme gassiness from consuming DHA/ARA formula, often requiring
medical intervention. These symptoms commonly disappeared as soon as the infants
were given regular formula without these supplements,” said Charlotte Vallaeys,
the author of Cornucopia’s comprehensive report Replacing Mother—Imitating Human
Breast Milk in the Laboratory (www.cornucopia.org).
While formula makers claim to add these oils because they “support brain and eye
development,” scientific data to corroborate these claims are very weak.
“Results of most of the well conducted clinical trials have not shown beneficial
effects of DHA and ARA supplementation of formula milk on the physical, visual
and neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants born at term,” according to Dr. Karen
Simmer, professor in the School of Women’s and Infant’s Health at the University
of Western Australia.
Breast-feeding advocates worldwide contend that DHA and ARA appear to be added
primarily as marketing tools. DHA and ARA supplementation adds approximately
$200 annually to the cost of formula, which is absorbed by parents and publicly
funded nutrition programs. Misleading claims that DHA/ARA supplemented formula
is now “as close as ever to breast milk” also lead to the impression among many
new mothers that formula is now equivalent to breastfeeding, which may
contribute to lower rates of breastfeeding and higher formula sales.
“Adding these two fatty acids to formula does not make it ‘close to breast
milk,’” said Jennifer Thomas, M.D., a pediatrician practicing in Racine,
Wisconsin. “Breast milk has nutrients, live cells, and bioactive compounds that
are absent from formula,” she added. “Formula advertisements featuring DHA and
ARA make it a lot harder for me, as a pediatrician, to convince new mothers to
breastfeed if they have seen advertisements or labels implying that formula is
just as good as breast milk.”
But the serious side effects experienced by some babies remain the most pressing
reason for keeping these oils out of organic infant formula. Cornucopia has
filed a Freedom of Information request to look into how the USDA appears to have
collaborated with lobbyists for Dean Foods and others in secretly allowing these
materials, despite their explicit prohibition in the federal organic
regulations. “It's bad enough these materials are being added to conventional
infant formula,” said Cornucopia’s Kastel. “This marketing gimmick has no place
in organics, where mothers are looking for the safest, most nutritious and
natural foods for their families.”