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Beijing reports 24 deaths from hand-foot-mouth disease! What can you do? 5-14-08
China has confirmed that the outbreak of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) had
sickened 24,934 children and killed 42 of them. Beijing confirmed its first
fatality on Wednesday, Xinhua reported.
Beijing Health Bureau said the child, a 13-month old boy from northern Changping
District, died on the way to a hospital last Sunday. The boy had tested positive
for enterovirus 71 (EV71), the virus that caused the majority of deaths in the
outbreak in China.
Another child also died in a Beijing hospital, but was not counted in Beijing's
death toll from the disease because the child came from a neighboring Hebei
province.
As of May 12, 3,606 cases of HFMD in the China's capital have been reported. As
of Wednesday, 70 children remained in hospitals for treatment.
The victims died mostly from enterovirus 71 or EV71, one of the major viruses
that cause hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD).
Deng Xiaohong, spokeswoman of the Beijing Health Bureau, said the recent deaths
from HFMD should not be seen as a sign that the authority has lost its control
of the disease.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hand, Foot, & Mouth Disease
What is hand, foot, and mouth disease?
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common illness of infants and
children. It is characterized by fever, sores in the mouth, and a rash with
blisters. HFMD begins with a mild fever, poor appetite, malaise ("feeling
sick"), and frequently a sore throat. One or 2 days after the fever begins,
painful sores develop in the mouth. They begin as small red spots that blister
and then often become ulcers. They are usually located on the tongue, gums, and
inside of the cheeks. The skin rash develops over 1 to 2 days with flat or
raised red spots, some with blisters. The rash does not itch, and it is usually
located on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. It may also appear on
the buttocks. A person with HFMD may have only the rash or the mouth ulcers.
Is HFMD the same as foot-and-mouth disease?
No. HFMD is often confused with foot-and-mouth disease of cattle, sheep, and
swine. Although the names are similar, the two diseases are not related at all
and are caused by different viruses. For information on foot-and-mouth disease,
please visit the web site of the US Department of Agriculture.
What causes HFMD?
Viruses from the group called enteroviruses cause HFMD. The most common cause is
coxsackievirus A16; sometimes, HFMD is caused by enterovirus 71 or other
enteroviruses. The enterovirus group includes polioviruses, coxsackieviruses,
echoviruses and other enteroviruses.
Is HFMD serious?
Usually not. HFMD caused by coxsackievirus A16 infection is a mild disease and
nearly all patients recover without medical treatment in 7 to 10 days.
Complications are uncommon. Rarely, the patient with coxsackievirus A16
infection may also develop "aseptic" or viral meningitis, in which the person
has fever, headache, stiff neck, or back pain, and may need to be hospitalized
for a few days. Another cause of HFMD, EV71 may also cause viral meningitis and,
rarely, more serious diseases, such as encephalitis, or a poliomyelitis-like
paralysis. EV71 encephalitis may be fatal. Cases of fatal encephalitis occurred
during outbreaks of HFMD in Malaysia in 1997 and in Taiwan in 1998.
Is HFMD contagious?
Yes, HFMD is moderately contagious. Infection is spread from person to person by
direct contact with nose and throat discharges, saliva, fluid from blisters, or
the stool of infected persons. A person is most contagious during the first week
of the illness. HFMD is not transmitted to or from pets or other animals.
How soon will someone become ill after getting infected?
The usual period from infection to onset of symptoms ("incubation period") is 3
to 7 days. Fever is often the first symptom of HFMD.
Who is at risk for HFMD?
HFMD occurs mainly in children under 10 years old, but may also occur in adults
too. Everyone is at risk of infection, but not everyone who is infected becomes
ill. Infants, children, and adolescents are more likely to be susceptible to
infection and illness from these viruses, because they are less likely than
adults to have antibodies and be immune from previous exposures to them.
Infection results in immunity to the specific virus, but a second episode may
occur following infection with a different member of the enterovirus group.
What are the risks to pregnant women exposed to children
with HFMD?
Because enteroviruses, including those causing HFMD, are very common, pregnant
women are frequently exposed to them, especially during summer and fall months.
As for any other adults, the risk of infection is higher for pregnant women who
do not have antibodies from earlier exposures to these viruses, and who are
exposed to young children - the primary spreaders of enteroviruses.
Most enterovirus infections during pregnancy cause mild or no illness in the
mother. Although the available information is limited, currently there is no
clear evidence that maternal enteroviral infection causes adverse outcomes of
pregnancy such as abortion, stillbirth, or congenital defects. However, mothers
infected shortly before delivery may pass the virus to the newborn. Babies born
to mothers who have symptoms of enteroviral illness around the time of delivery
are more likely to be infected. Most newborns infected with an enterovirus have
mild illness, but, in rare cases, they may develop an overwhelming infection of
many organs, including liver and heart, and die from the infection. The risk of
this severe illness in newborns is higher during the first two weeks of life.
Strict adherence to generally recommended good hygienic practices by the
pregnant woman (see "Can HFMD be prevented?" below) may help to decrease the
risk of infection during pregnancy and around the time of delivery.
When and where does HFMD occur?
Individual cases and outbreaks of HFMD occur worldwide, more frequently in
summer and early autumn. In the recent past, major outbreaks of HFMD
attributable to enterovirus 71 have been reported in some South East Asian
countries (Malaysia, 1997; Taiwan, 1998).
How is HFMD diagnosed?
HFMD is one of many infections that result in mouth sores. Another common cause
is oral herpesvirus infection, which produces an inflammation of the mouth and
gums (sometimes called stomatitis). Usually, the physician can distinguish
between HFMD and other causes of mouth sores based on the age of the patient,
the pattern of symptoms reported by the patient or parent, and the appearance of
the rash and sores on examination. A throat swab or stool specimen may be sent
to a laboratory to determine which enterovirus caused the illness. Since the
testing often takes 2 to 4 weeks to obtain a final answer, the physician usually
does not order these tests.
How is HFMD treated?
No specific treatment is available for this or other enterovirus infections.
Symptomatic treatment is given to provide relief from fever, aches, or pain from
the mouth ulcers. No strain of enterovirus is resistant to
Silverbiotics.
Silverbiotics has been used extensively in hospitals for treatment of
enterovirus .
Killing the virus: Silverbiotics 1-3 tbsp's a day, Oregano Oil 1-3 drops a day in a gelatin capsule.
Pain: 1-3 drops of Clove or Release Blend in a capsule 3 times a day.
Mouth or other sores: Apply
clove or Release
to the affected area as needed. To further heal these sores use
Silver
Biotics ASAP gel.
Can HFMD be prevented?
Specific prevention for HFMD or other non-polio enterovirus infections is not
available, but the risk of infection can be lowered by good hygienic practices.
Preventive measures include frequent hand washing (don't use anti bacterial
soap), especially after diaper changes, cleaning of contaminated surfaces and
soiled items first with soap and water, and then disinfecting them by solution
of :
12 ounces white vinegar and 10 drops your choice of 1: Nightingale, Purifying or Marauder essential oil blend or 4 tbsp Silver Biotics. Mix in a spray bottle and use for safely disinfecting any surface!
Avoidance of close contact (kissing, hugging, sharing utensils, etc.)
with children with HFMD may also help to reduce of the risk of infection to
caregivers.
HMFD in the childcare setting
HFMD outbreaks in child care facilities occur most often in the summer and fall
months, and usually coincide with an increased number of cases in the community.
CDC has no specific recommendations regarding the exclusion of children with
HFMD from child care programs, schools, or other group settings. Children are
often excluded from group settings during the first few days of the illness,
which may reduce the spread of infection, but will not completely interrupt it.
Exclusion of ill persons may not prevent additional cases since the virus may be
excreted for weeks after the symptoms have disappeared. Also, some persons
excreting the virus, including most adults, may have no symptoms. Some benefit
may be gained, however, by excluding children who have blisters in their mouths
and drool or who have weeping lesions on their hands.
If an outbreak occurs in the child care setting:
* Make sure that all children and adults use good hand washing technique,
especially after diaper changes.
* Thoroughly wash and disinfect contaminated items and surfaces using 12 ounces
white vinegar and 10 drops your choice of 1:
Nightingale,
Purifying or
Marauder
essential oil blend or 4 tbsp
Silver
Biotics. Mix in a spray bottle and use for safely disinfecting any surface!
* During a known outbreak it may be beneficial to use Silver Biotics ASAP Gel as a hand sanitizer after touching infected children. This should help cut down on the spread of infection.