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Prolonged Sitting Turns Off Fat-Burning Enzyme Thursday 7- 10-08
by: David Gutierrez
Sitting for extended periods
of time causes the body to turn off its fat-burning mechanisms, according to a
new study published in the journal Diabetes and presented at the Second
International Congress on Physical Activity and Public Health.
Researchers injected rats and pigs with a small amount of radioactive fat, then
traced where that fat went in their bodies. Among animals that were kept
stationary, the fat was removed from the blood vessels in the muscles and
instead stored in adipose tissue in places such as the kidneys. Unlike fat in
the blood vessels of muscles, fat in adipose tissue is not easily burned.
The researchers also found that after animals were kept stationary for
several hours, an enzyme called lipase "was suppressed down to 10 percent of
normal," according to lead researcher Marc Hamilton. "It's just virtually shut
off."
Lipase is critical to the body's ability to split apart and break down fat.
The researchers then followed up with a study on human participants. They found
that when humans were sitting, activity of lipase was suppressed. This led to
raised levels of HDL ("bad") cholesterol, reduction in metabolism and increased
retention of fat.
According to the researchers, the new findings suggest that merely exercising
more is not enough to lose weight among people who spend most of their day
seated, such as in an office. Nor does using the arms at a computer or video
game console provide enough activity to keep lipase active. According to
Hamilton, it is essential to actually stand up and move around.
"When we think about the postural muscles that are mostly in the legs and back,
these are big, powerful muscles," Hamilton said. "We're talking probably 20
pounds of muscle in each leg."
People who spend much of their day seated need to get up periodically and
"putter," Hamilton recommended.
Researchers still do not know how long the lipase-suppressing effect of sitting
last after activity resumes.